This demonstrates a line-by-line while loop to process each line from a file.

This demonstrates navigating to the previous directory using cd -.

This demonstrates using a "here" document in Bash to create a Python script that interacts with stdout, stderr, and stdin.

This script redirects all output and errors from the python hello.py command to /dev/null, effectively suppressing any output or errors.

This demonstrates file and directory removal in Bash, including verbose and recursive deletion, and suggests using trash-cli for safer file deletion.

The pushd command changes the current directory to foo and pushes it onto the directory stack, enabling easy navigation back using popd.

This demonstrates the declaration of an associative array in Bash.

This demonstrates embedding the output of the pwd command within a string using two different command substitution methods.

This demonstrates the use of the popd command to navigate back to a previously visited directory by popping it off the directory stack.

Run a Python script hello.py and redirect its standard output to output.out and standard error to error.err, appending to the files.

This demonstrates conditional execution in Bash, where commands are executed based on the success or failure of preceding commands.

This demonstrates command-line option parsing using a while loop and case statement in Bash.

This demonstrates checking if a string is empty or not using conditional expressions.

This demonstrates special string slicing and substitution using parameter expansion.

This demonstrates string slicing using parameter expansion with both positive and negative indices in Bash.

This demonstrates extracting the base filename and directory path from a file path using parameter expansion.

This demonstrates variable indirection in Bash to access the value of a variable through another variable.

This demonstrates string slicing using a variable to specify the length.

This script filters out comments and empty lines from the ~/.bashrc file and prints the remaining content.

This demonstrates creating multiple files with sequential names using brace expansion.